In the Standard stress system, it's accented as lēd, and whenever an ending is attached to it, the vowel e shortens (e.g. na ledu).
The derived relational adjective is ledenicy, made of ice.
From this noun, there's a verb pair meaning freeze:
zaleđivati (zaleđuje) ~ zalediti («) freeze
It can be used when someone freezes something (e.g. you put meat in a freezer), but whan something freezes (either caused by someone, or just by cold), a se² must be used:
jezero se zaledilothe lake froze
A similar verb pair is:
smrzavati («) ~ smrznuti (smrzne) freeze
This verb pair can be used when you're not really turning into ice, but just feeling really cold (don't forget se² when it happens to the subject):
In the Standard stress system, it's accented as snijēg (the i is usually not pronounced). The plural form - not often used, mostly in poetry and folk tales - has the short vowel and -ov-: snjegovi.
The derived relational adjective is snježnisnow, snowy.
To describe something is exposed to falling snow, use na snijegu.
As with kišarain, the most common way to express that it is/was snowing is with the verb pair padati ~ pasti (padne, pao) fall:
pada snijegit's snowing
When it's obvious what is falling, or not clear (it can be a mixture of rain and snow, anyway), you can just say:
opet pada lit. it's falling again
There's an old children's movie Vlak u snijeguTrain in snow
One of four seasons. In the Standard stress system, it's accented as zīma.
The derived relational adjective is zimskiwinter. A frequently used collocation (set combination of adjective + noun) is zimska salama, often just zimska, a type of salami.
There's a related adverb zimiin wintertime.
Colloquially, zima can be used instead of hladno in weather and personal experience expressions, e.g.:
In many dialects, the word leto / lito is used to mean year.
The derived relational adjective is godišnjiannual. It's used in e.g. godišnje dobaseason.
A frequently used collocation (set combination of adjective + noun) is godišnji odmorannual break, 5-6 weeks of paid leave per year most employees have in Croatia.
This blog is a companion to my main blog, Easy Croatian. I will here post things that are not related to the language learning, and that are too big to fit into a Facebook post.